Europe’s surviving mine headframe and winding tower sites

Ventilation shaft of ZG Sobieski in Jaworzno, part of the historic Jaworzno coal-mining complex derived from the Fryderyk August / Piłsudski mine system.

Surviving shaft structure within the disused Montevecchio lead and zinc mining complex near Guspini, part of the Parco Geominerario Storico e Ambientale della Sardegna.

Active exhaust ventilation shaft of the ZG Polkowice-Sieroszowice copper-silver mine, serving the Sieroszowice mining area.

The Jan Wyżykowski shaft, main ore-hoisting and personnel shaft of ZG Polkowice-Sieroszowice, serving the Sieroszowice copper-silver mining area.

Former worksite of the Montevecchio lead-zinc-silver mining complex at Guspini, identified in IGEA technical documentation as the cantiere di Pozzo Centrale.

Named shaft of the Silius / Muscadroxiu fluorite mine, commemorating Polish engineer Henry Skaba, who died at the mine on 7 March 2001.

Former Sardinian coalfield converted into the Museo del Carbone, with surviving twin iron headframes and an accessible underground gallery.

Restored open-air pyrite mining heritage site near Gavorrano with surviving iron headframes and a preserved multi-storey ore-treatment plant.

Active main winding and man-riding shaft of the UNESCO-listed Kopalnia Soli Wieliczka salt mine, serving visitors, workers, and the underground sanatorium.

Active exhaust ventilation shaft of the ZG Polkowice-Sieroszowice copper-silver mine, located near the village of Sobin on the southern edge of Polkowice.