Zeche Zollverein — Schacht 10 Essen · Nordrhein-Westfalen · Germany

The ventilation problems that had affected the Zeche Zollverein through much of the 1870s, combined with the growth of the mining field, created the need for a second separate shaft installation in the eastern part of the concession in Schonnebeck. The sinking of Schacht 3 began in 1880. The shaft complex was designed by the engineer Dreyer and laid out with characteristic clarity and simplicity: along the railway line of the connecting mine railway, Dreyer placed the shaft hall with headframe and pithead bathhouse in a single row, and opposite, in a second carefully aligned row, the workshops, office and magazine, double winding engine house, boiler house, and a stable for 40 horses. Between the two rows lay a wide colliery yard approximately 33 metres across. All buildings, including the shaft hall up to the bank level, were solidly constructed in brick with barrel-shaped corrugated-iron roofs.

Shaft 3 went into production in 1882. Almost immediately after opening it surpassed the output of the founding shafts and contributed materially to Zollverein's rise to the top rank of German mines. By 1890 the combined output of the mine exceeded one million tonnes. Shaft 7 was added between 1897 and 1899 to the west of Shaft 3, as a ventilation-only shaft to address continuing firedamp hazards. Shaft 10 was sunk between 1911 and 1913 to the east of Shaft 3, as an additional winding shaft; all three headframes on the site were aligned in a single row. Shaft 10 received a new winding engine and transformer building, designed by the architect Stolze, built in two phases in 1913 and 1920. The structure is a three-nave brick hall with Pilaster, cornice, large rectangular and segmental-arch windows, and ornamental Kunststein details on the façades, with its gable ends facing the colliery yard. Also in connection with Shaft 10, the installation received a coal washery and coking plant, adding a third functional row beyond the mine railway tracks.

The headframe supplied over Shaft 10 in 1913 by the Gutehoffnungshütte from Oberhausen is a single-storey German strut headframe (Bauart Promnitz) in riveted steel-frame construction, carrying a sheave deck at 33 metres height for double winding with four side-by-side rope sheaves.

After the opening of the new Zentralförderschacht XII in 1932, miners continued to use Schachtanlage 3/7/10 for shaft access (Anfahrt), but numerous surface structures were demolished. The site was further reduced by later demolitions. The shaft hall and its impressive fitting for shaft access were demolished, along with the adjoining pithead bathhouse, because of their poor structural condition; only the winding engine and transformer building and the headframe of Shaft 10 survived. Of the three headframes that once stood in a line, only that of Shaft 10 remains. The coal washery and coking plant row beyond the railway is today a large open area.

The Zeche Zollverein was closed on 23 December 1986. In 1988, only two years after closure, a reuse concept for the Schachtanlage 3/7/10 site was developed under the name Bürgerzentrum und Handwerkerpark. Since 1996 the former winding engine and transformer building has housed the Phänomania Erfahrungsfeld, an interactive exhibition drawing on the Erfahrungsfeld zur Entfaltung der Sinne created by the Essen educator and artist Hugo Kükelhaus for the 1967 World's Fair in Montreal. Since 2006 additional exhibits on sensory perception have been added. The surviving headframe of Shaft 10 stands prominently on its hillcrest above the houses of Schonnebeck as the principal topographic landmark of the site. The Schachtanlage 3/7/10 site is operated as the Bürger- und Handwerkerpark Zollverein 3/7/10 and is a station on the Route der Industriekultur — Rheinische Bergbauroute.