Closed and cleared black coal mine in Zbýšov, the northernmost working shaft of the Rosicko-oslavanský revír, whose Anenská miners' settlement survives as a district of the town.
Důl Anna at Zbýšov was a black coal mine in the Rosicko-oslavanský uhelný revír, one of the oldest and smallest coalfields in the Czech Republic. The mine was founded by Johan Baptista Müller in 1800 on the Oslavany estate, although the shaft was soon abandoned due to unmanageable water ingress. It was reopened in 1830 by Anna Müllerová, who installed the first steam engine in the revír.
The mine subsequently developed through the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries as one of the significant auxiliary shafts of the central Zbýšov group. A coking facility was established in 1859 and a substantial coke plant with a capacity of one hundred ovens followed in 1872. Coal production continued until 31 March 1967, when the last wagon was raised and the shaft was decommissioned and cleared.
The Anenská osada, a miners' housing settlement built around the mine, survives as a named quarter of Zbýšov.
Důl Anna at Zbýšov was founded by Johan Baptista Müller around 1800 on the Oslavany estate, named after his wife Anna Müllerová. One of the shallow pits that Müller sank reached approximately 30 metres before being abandoned due to uncontrollable water ingress. Following Müller's death, the property passed to his widow Anna, who continued mining for a time. The shaft was reopened decisively in 1830 by Anna Müllerová, who installed the first steam engine in the entire Rosicko-oslavanský revír. Under this new mechanised operation the jáma was deepened to 185 metres with a barrel-shaped profile and brick lining.
In the decades that followed, Důl Anna grew into one of the main working shafts of the Zbýšov section of the revír. A coking facility was established at the mine in 1859, when two Schaumburg-type coke ovens were brought into service, with two further ovens added in 1869. In 1871, a full coke plant was erected under the supervision of Belgian specialists, completed in 1872 with a capacity of one hundred Gobiet-type coke ovens, two chimneys, a 201-metre loading ramp, and a coal preparation plant with a crusher capable of processing 400 tonnes per day. The high sulphur content and ash fraction of the coke produced made it unsuitable for pig iron production, so output was directed to domestic heating. In 1881 the coke plant was sold to the Rosická báňská společnost at Zastávka, and by 1906 coke production was transferred to Důl Simson.
In the early twentieth century, following the concentration of the revír under the Rosická báňská společnost Láska Boží, Důl Anna functioned as an auxiliary shaft of the Důl Václav Nosek (formerly Kukla) operation at Oslavany. During the Second World War an electric winding engine was installed, with drum diameters of 2,770 mm and a motor output of 168 kW. Two-deck cages carried one wagon per deck at a travel speed of 3 m/s. Coal extracted at Důl Anna was transported by lorry to the coal preparation plant at Důl Kukla.
From 1 January 1946 the mine was incorporated into the national enterprise Rosické a jihomoravské doly, n.p., and from 1 January 1950 into Rosické uhelné doly, n.p. In 1955 a new coal seam was opened between the Dědičná štola level and the 9th level, with a seam thickness of 80–140 cm and a dip of 45 degrees. Daily output averaged approximately 40 tonnes, and in 1963 the mine reached its peak annual output of 57,427 tonnes. In 1950 a transport adit was driven from the valley below the shaft to carry backfill material from the Důl Anna spoil tip; this adit also served as a ventilation working.
From 1 January 1950 the mine also operated as an auxiliary ventilation working for Důl Nosek (Kukla). As concentration of the revír's output shifted towards the new central shaft Jindřich II at Zbýšov from the mid-1960s, Důl Anna was wound down. On 31 March 1967 the last wagon of coal was raised and the mine was closed. Full demolition and clearance of the surface site followed. A pumping station built in 1872 near the Neslovický brook, locally known as Mašinka, supplied water from the mine to the Důl Františka compressors and later to the Barbora housing district and the public swimming pool in Zbýšov; this continued in use into the 1970s before being decommissioned. The Anenská osada, the miners' housing colony built around the mine, survives as a named residential district of Zbýšov.