Europe’s surviving mine headframe and winding tower sites

Abandoned former Asturian coal shaft on the Langreo-Siero border, retaining a 52-metre concrete extraction tower of the 1970s and listed in the regional heritage inventory.

Surviving steel headframe of the Pozo San Fernando, a remarkable counterweight-extraction colliery set in upland woodland near Orillés in Aller, Asturias.

Restored pine-timber mine headframe from the Mina Marquesita, displayed in the Plaza del Liceo in La Unión, Murcia, as a heritage monument to the region's lead and silver mining past.

Surviving winding-frame structure at the Tharsis railway mineral-processing terminal of Corrales, near the estuary of the Odiel.

Surviving water-drainage winding engine structure within the Tharsis pyrite mining complex, part of a protected heritage zone in Huelva.

Full-scale 2006 reconstruction of the 1904 wooden winding frame at Peña del Hierro, now a publicly visited heritage attraction within the Parque Minero de Riotinto.

Preserved Koepe extraction tower of the Pozo Rotilio, a listed industrial monument within the Zona Minera de Riotinto-Nerva, Huelva.

A registered lignite coal concession at Escucha, Teruel, in a district with around forty documented coal mines over 150 years of extraction.

A former coal mine site in the Cuenca Minera de Sabero, a coalfield worked continuously from the nineteenth century until 1991.

Former open-cast uranium mine near Saelices el Chico, Salamanca, the most important uranium deposit in the Iberian Massif, now in ongoing environmental restoration.