Europe’s surviving mine headframe and winding tower sites

The Brügmannschacht, founding shaft of the oldest still-accessible potash mine in the world, today serving as the visitor descent shaft of the Erlebnisbergwerk Glückauf at Sondershausen.

Former Saarland hard coal mine with the world's first reinforced-concrete hammerkopf winding tower, a listed engineering monument.

Former Ruhr hard coal colliery whose listed headframes at Schacht 3 and Schacht 4 and associated machine house survive as heritage monuments in a public park and business area in Herten-Langenbochum.

Former anthracite colliery in the Aachen coalfield, with a listed 1934 headframe at Schacht 3 now serving as a visitor mine and industrial monument.

A shaft site of the Himmelfahrt Fundgrube, the former Freiberger silver mine now operating as a UNESCO-listed teaching and visitor mine under the TU Bergakademie Freiberg.

Former hard coal ventilation shaft in Saarbrücken-Klarenthal, with its 1908 Fachwerkgerüst headframe — the oldest surviving in the Saarland — the 1904 Rateau ventilators, and the brick machine house all preserved as listed monuments.

Former hard coal mine in Püttlingen-Köllerbach, closed 1963, whose listed ensemble of headframe over Schacht II, Fördermaschinenhaus, Zechenhaus of 1910, and Kompressorenhalle survives as a denkmalgeschütztes Gewerbegebiet and public green space.

Former pyrite, baryte, and zinc ore mining site in Lennestadt, Sauerland, in the area of the historically significant Meggen–Halberbracht mining district.

Former Ruhr hard coal colliery at Castrop-Rauxel, with two surviving listed headframes at Schächte 3 and 7 and a technology park on the former coking plant site.

Former copper shale mine at Wettelrode, now operating as the ErlebnisZentrum Bergbau Röhrigschacht with Germany's oldest working steel headframe.