Europe’s surviving mine headframe and winding tower sites

Former Lorraine iron ore mine at Audun-le-Tiche with the preserved puits Saint-Michel headframe, the last site of iron extraction in France, closed 30 July 1997.

Former rock-salt mine on the Rosières-Varangéville concession, now integrated into the active Saint-Nicolas mine workings and serving as a return-air shaft.

Former coal miners' training centre at Alès, now open as the Mine Témoin museum, offering guided descent through 700 metres of authentic galleries.

Surviving 47-metre concrete headframe and surface buildings of the Peñarroya lead, zinc and silver mine at Largentière, the largest modern lead mine in France.

Former Auvergne coalfield site with a preserved metal headframe, mining museum, and restored pithead buildings at Brassac-les-Mines.

Former anthracite-coal mine in the Auvergne Combrailles, with a preserved 40-metre headframe and the Maison de la Mine at Saint-Éloy-les-Mines.

Former potash-mining basin in Alsace, now anchored by a museum and preserved headframes at Wittelsheim and Ungersheim.

Écomusée des mines de fer de Lorraine at Aumetz, preserving the listed 40-metre headframe and surface buildings of the iron ore mine Bassompierre, open to visitors as part of a two-site museum.

Former Lorraine iron-ore mine preserved as an open-access underground museum with 1.5 kilometres of authentic galleries, holding the label Musée de France.

Open coal mining museum in former Compagnie de Châtillon Commentry et Neuves Maisons workings at Noyant-d'Allier, retaining the rare early reinforced-concrete headframe designed by Eugène Freyssinet.